Automatic breech-loading firearm.



l l P. VON KIRALY & J. LOVASZ.

AUTOMATIC BREBCH LOADING PIRBARM.

APYLIOATION FILED NOV. 21, 1912.

1,073,908, Patented. sept.23,191s.

SMM/mfom. @MWA/Mn, l

PAUL VON KIRALY ANI) JOSEF LOVASZ, OF BUDAPEST, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

AUTOMATIC IBREECI-I-LOADING FIREARM.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 23, 1913 Application led November 21, 1912. Serial No. 732,643.

To aZZ whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, PAUL voN KIRLY and JOSEF Lovsz, subjects of the King of Hungary, residing at Budapest, Austria- I-Iungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Breech- Loading Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

In automatic firearms especially of that class in which there is no positive locking action and if constructed for tiring cartridges of strong power, it is necessary to provide a very heavy and comparatively large breech piece, in order to save the cartridge bottoms from tearing oft' and also to avoid any violent rearward motion of the breech block which becomes frequently dangerous. Furthermore the fact that the breech block is normally of considerable mass and high inertia reduces materially the recoil of automatic re arms of the positive locking type.

The object of the present invention is to improve the breech mechanism of automatic fire arms so that it will be adapted to afford a relatively great inertia yet having a comparatively low weight and small compass.

In the accompanying drawings the breech mechanism is illustrated as an example of the invention, no positive locking means being provided in that case.

Figure l is a longitudinal section horizontally taken through the breech casing, where the breech block is shown in closed position; Fig. 2 is a similar' section of the breech casing, the breech block being shown in partly closed section; Figs. 3 and L are cross-sections along lines A-C and B-D of Fig. 1.

The firing mechanism, the reaction or closing spring, the magazine, etc., are not parts of the invention and can be formed in a different manner. The parts are not represented in the drawings.

The breech block consists of two parts, the inner part m1 and the outer part m in connection with each other by the doublearmed lever Z. This lever Z is pivoted in the outer part m by means of the pin a: and engages with the inner part m1 by means of its projection a. By oscillating the lever Z rearwardly the inner part m1 is correspondingly retracted within the outer part m. The movement of the lever Z and therefore the movement of the inner breech part m1 is limited by the lever Z with its right side abutting the back-edge of the lateral recess of the breech mechanism, while tl inner part m1 borders the left side of tt lever Z (see Fig. 2).

The two arms of the lever Z are of diffe] ent length and that in a ratio of about l: up to 1:6. When the breech mechanism i closed, the lower arm al of the lever Z i supported on the front part of the lever 1 which latter is pivotally mounted on a pi y in a side recess of the casing c and whic is held in an upright position by the sma spring s. Now the lower projection or ari nl of the lever Z in the first period of tlf. rearward motion of the breech block abu1 against this lever a. Consequently, the l ver Z will be swung rearwardly and simu taneously the inner part m1 is thrown real wardly with a velocity that is greater tha the velocity of the outer part in the ratio c the lengths of the two arms of the lever Therefore the inner part offers so great re sistance against the rearward motion as 3' its mass or weight would be greater than is really. The greater the ratio of gearin or leverage of the two arms of lever Z, tl greater is consequently the inertia of tlf. breech block. For that reason the breec block is to be divided in such a manner thi the inner part m1 is heavier than the cute part.

In the position according to Fig. 2 th rearward motion of the inner part ml in tb outer part m is completed. The two pari may be locked in this position, until tl. breech mechanism has reached its initial p( sitio-n represented in Fig. 1. Now the inne part m1 may be released whereupon it r turns to its initial position under the iniii ence of a spring lc suitably mounted.

During the return movement of the breec mechanism the lever a is swung forwardl by means of the lower arm al of the lever i thus it goes out of the path of this lowe arm and the breech block can freely continu its forward stroke.

In applying this invention to automati fire arms with positive locking action tl breech mechanism is arranged in the sant manner irrespective of the locking mech: nism which is independent of the preser invention.

Having thus described our said inventio what we claim as new and desire to secur by Let-ters Patent is In an automatic firearm with a breec block consisting of an outer and an inne rt the Combination of a two-armed lever a connective member for the said parts, e arms being of different length and the .iger arm engaging with the inner part, ile the short arm, pivoted in the outer rt projects therefrom, and a stop pvoted the casing and adapted to engage said ort arm and throw the long arm backward the opening movement, and to yield and permit, said short arm t0 pass in the Closing 10 movement, of the breech block.

In testimony whereot` we have atlixecl our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL VON KIRLY. JOSEF LOVSZ. Witnesses:

JOSEPH VIEKMANN, JOHN J. RONTO.

)pies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

